Paleontologist Kirk Johnson explores the dynamic history—and future—of ice at the poles. PBS Airdate: May 20, 2020. GREGER LARSON: The formation of a close relationship between people and wolves led to dogs, because that’s what dogs are: they are an emergent property of a very close relationship between wolf populations and human populations. Greger Larson is the lead researcher. At the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, paleontologist Mietje Germonpré oversees a collection of Ice Age wolf bones. NARRATOR: How each fox responds determines its future. NARRATOR: Some believe this combination of behavioral and physical changes is part of a domestication syndrome, probably caused by a genetic mutation that reduces the effect of special neural crest cells. machine. And it’s from there that we get the vast majority of the varieties and the breeds that we see today. They were smaller, their snout length changed, the strength of the muscles that support the jaw changed, even the strength and size of their teeth. And the reason for that may lie partly with some very special genes. Follow eagles from the nest to the skies to see what makes these predators so remarkable. They come in all shapes and sizes, but whatever the breed, a pooch can make you feel like a million bucks. It’s thought that when humans first arrived, some packs may have adopted a novel survival strategy. Scientists race to understand and defeat the coronavirus behind the COVID-19 pandemic. Or are they living with us because they love us? ANASTASIYA KHARLAMOVA: All of them love people, love all people. Produced in Boston, shared with the world. Different packs specialize in hunting different types of prey. So, they have a wedge-shaped head; they’ve got these pointy pricked ears; they have a double coat and the curled tail over their backs. These breeds reveal much about how dogs may have appeared and acted after they first transitioned from pack hunters to scavengers and provide clues as to why they may have first appealed to humans. Even with a stranger, Zephos stays close for over half the time. NARRATOR: If dogs are no more intelligent than wolves, then why is a dog more trainable? I can touch it, and the fox doesn’t bite me. DOG OWNER #2: I would dive in front of traffic for her. Learn why eagles have the sharpest eyesight of any vertebrate animal. Graham Martin: Okay. Over the last 15,000 years, dogs have taken on all shapes and sizes. DANIELLE LEE: They are really special animals. So, what we are doing here is testing cooperative abilities in our dogs and wolves. How did they ever come to exist? The snout is wider and shorter, more comparable to the skull of the modern dogs. They are really special animals. NARRATOR: Max will ultimately be a service dog, but much of his training takes place behind bars, at this prison facility, in California. They do it if they want to do it, and you can work very hard to convince them, and sometimes you are successful. What an eagle you are, hey? Allegations of voter fraud and disenfranchisement in the lead up to the 2020 election are examined. NARRATOR: More research is still needed, but these rare mutations may prove to be the secret source of the unshakable bond between our two species. Length: 56 minutes. NOVA: Liev Schreiber, Stacy Keach, Will Lyman, Neil Ross, Edward Herrmann, David Ogden Stiers, Peter Thomas, Jay O. Sanders Can bringing predators—and fear—back into an ecosystem help restore its natural balance? MIETJE GERMONPRÉ: At that time, the discoverers thought it was the skull of a wolf, but I was not very happy with that, because it, it looked different to me. NARRATOR: Dogs appear to be, not just loving, but almost, indiscriminately affectionate. I became fascinated in the minds of everything except people. Researchers study one special bird, revealing her exceptional strength, eyesight and flying skills. Here at the Wolf Science Center they’re carrying out cutting edge research on wolf cognition. Archaeological evidence shows that 40,000 years ago modern humans began moving into northern Eurasia, replacing the Neanderthals who came before them, and apparently initiating a transformation in the wolves they encountered. Transcript. GREGORY BERNS: Who’s a good girl? Scientists would need a much more precise tool. NARRATOR: …but how do they feel about humans? ERIN BOETZER (Canine Companions for Independence): Max. NARRATOR: This planet is home to over a billion dogs. Narrator: Tilly has never faced a challenge like this, but she appears to spot Lloyd almost immediately and makes her way to the other side of the glen. But what makes this iconic predator so extraordinary? NARRATOR: A dog’s uniquely strong desire to bond may be particularly beneficial to humans, but dogs seem quite happy to spread the love beyond us. You clever bird. Humanity’s best friend: the dog. DEBBYE TURNER (Veterinarian): Hey, look at that. NARRATOR: Statistically, over half of all prisoners in the U.S. will reoffend on release. And this is really crucial if you want to compare them and compare their behavioral cognition. CLIVE WYNNE: Okay, Zeph. So, you see immediately that the snout is much shorter and wider. Many are repeat offenders. NARRATOR: Dogs and humans have been on quite a journey. And mutations in just three genes express the majority of coat types, from smooth- to long-haired, to whatever this is. Buck: It’s a long way. But the limited genetic information that we have from the canids that would be dogs from 30,000 years ago doesn’t match modern dogs at all. Over the following millennia, humans would breed dogs to take advantage of their wolf-like abilities, but those selections cannot explain the extreme variety of body shapes we see today. TRAINER: And let’s do another nice little jog. CRISPR gene-editing technology is advancing quickly. "Nova" Eagle Power (TV Episode 2020) cast and crew credits, including actors, actresses, directors, writers and more. Domesticated dogs have been around for thousands of years, and they all come from their wolf ancestor. Craig Sechler was born on September 8, 1951 in New York City, New York, USA as Craig D. Sechler. They are still maintaining their lives on the outside. NARRATOR: Some foxes even develop curly tails. NARRATOR: He’s attempting to resolve the biggest question about dogs. Original funding for this program was provided by Draper, the David H. Koch Fund for Science, the NOVA Science Trust and the Corporation for Public Broadcasting. Jason Perry hosts your weekly roundup of politics in Utah. Lloyd has found a position one and a half miles away, on the other side of the glen, and weather conditions are not ideal. This fox has a white nose, white belly, white legs and white neck. He is known for his work on Mighty Aphrodite (1995), Jackie (2016) and Cape Fear (1991). CLIVE WYNNE: What causes dogs to be so much more sociable, so much more socially engaged and desiring loving relationships than are wolves, are due to three of the genes that are involved in Williams syndrome. I’m so pleased with her. NARRATOR: Even our closest primate cousin, the chimpanzee, will struggle with this test of intelligence. NOVA: A to Z: How Writing Changed the World ... NOVA: The World's Most Wanted Animal. NARRATOR: For many years, scientists have believed that dogs are great learners, because they possess an almost unique intelligence. Nature Documentary hosted by Eric Meyers, He is known for his work on Mighty Aphrodite (1995), Jackie (2016) and Cape Fear (1991). TRAINER: Watch the position. What a bird she is. What lies behind a dog’s affection for humans? NARRATOR: Friederike’s team conduct identical intelligence tests on their dogs and wolves. TINA MORONES (California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation): The dogs changed so many of them. NARRATOR: Sharing the same curly-tailed trait is the venerable African Basenji. TRAINER: Just come in making a big circle. Airing: 09/09/20 — We can now edit the human genome with a tool called CRISPR. I promise I’m always going to be here for you, no matter what, through thick and thin. And how does it fit into the global family of some 60 eagle species spread across six continents? CALLIE TRUELOVE: There ain’t nothing like southern style cooking. Animal behaviorist Clive Wynne is obsessed with understanding what’s going on in a dog’s head. Absolutely hammering across the valley. This shed contains foxes bred for intolerance. Martin: She’s off. TINA MORONES: It has changed so many of them. It’s from a big animal, and what is very special is this long, elongated snout. Today, the foxes are being inspected by scientists Anastasiya Kharlamova and Daria Shepeleva. NARRATOR: The answer to this canine mystery lies in the distant past, with an animal not known for friendliness, the wolf. An observer totals the amount of time the animal spends inside the circle near the person. The more cones, the sharper the eyesight. Oxford University is home to the PalaeoBARN D.N.A. Folklore is filled with tales of these frightening predators. Hello! It actually isn’t showing very much happening, which means that, on average, the dogs probably didn’t care as much about food as we thought. NARRATOR: Sixteen-year-old Callie Truelove lives with Williams syndrome, a debilitating genetic condition affecting one in 10,000 people. A city-wide competition shaped the career of the architect behind Florence’s famous dome. GREGORY BERNS: I know. NARRATOR: And could the answer finally explain our species’ enduring friendship. Stream GBH's Award-Winning Content For Parents And Children. But in 2008, Mietje made an intriguing discovery. You’re going to take a doughnut…. FRIEDERIKE RANGE: A dog you can usually always get to do what you want. DOG OWNER #1: That’s my girl; love you too. Martin: That is actually very, very impressive, because it took really very little time at all. Additional funding is provided by the NOVA Science Trust. NARRATOR: They’re more than just great pets. CLIVE WYNNE: This ability is not something that developed in dogs during the process of domestication. Buck: She’s coming in. NARRATOR: But when expecting praise, the dopamine levels are regularly higher. Meet the pangolin, the almost unheard-of and yet most-trafficked animal in the world. FRIEDERIKE RANGE (Wolf Science Center): Sit. NARRATOR: It’s caused by alterations in around 30 genes, generating multiple developmental problems and learning challenges. Aaah, they’re so gorgeous. September 30, 2020. CLIVE WYNNE (Arizona State University): The last decade in dog science has been the most exciting there’s ever been.
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